Should students be assigned to classrooms according to their IQ level Research Paper

Should students be assigned to classrooms according to their IQ level why or why not - Research Paper Example One such issue is whether children should be placed in classrooms based on their age alone, or should their IQ also weigh in as well. There are various ways through which children with higher IQs are catered to in various educational institutions. Some techniques entail placing the â€Å"gifted† children in the same class as their peers, with specialized activities being created for them, different from those of the rest of the class. Still others involve having the gifted children take special classes after school hours, for instance private tutoring. There are certain schools that provide separate classrooms for gifted students altogether, whereas there are institutes that only cater to gifted children. This paper discusses the technique that advocates providing separate classrooms for children based on their IQ. ... Children with higher IQs tend to get bored in regular classrooms, where they are forced to hold back their intelligence, so to speak. This results in them not achieving their full potential. On the same note, children with average IQs, when placed with gifted children, will also experience frustration and confusion. Such feelings can often result in children either lashing out or withdrawing within their own selves. What is more, with the present public school system geared towards improving the standards of the average or deficient/lacking children, the needs of gifted children are often ignored. Assigning gifted children to separate classrooms enables them to challenge themselves and cause them to utilize their maximum potential, something not possible in a regular classroom. Placing such children in regular classrooms may even cause disruption as the gifted child, out of boredom or frustration, may cause distractions in class, thus disturbing the learning of other students. The pr oponents opine that as gifted children are lesser in number, therefore, in a bid to â€Å"fit in† they may end up playing down their intelligence, whether for the teachers or for their classmates. It is a normal phenomenon in a classroom that the teachers often do not call out children who they think would already know the answer, instead focusing on the average or lacking students. All these factors may cause the children to drop out of school altogether (Cloud, Badowski, Rubiner, & Scully, 2004). Once again, students at both ends of the spectrum will benefit greatly from being assigned to classrooms based on their IQ level. On the other hand, the opponents state that the system of measuring IQ, first of all, is not an exact science and

Holy Ghost Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Holy Ghost Religion - Essay Example â€Å"There is a large two story and of dark wood, with a steeply pitched roof, it appeared abandoned,† (Lienau 8). In principle, it detailed the setting of the documentary and how frightening the actions that would be done there were likely to be. The documentary shows a voice believed to be of a spirit detailing and interpreting the testimony of a woman. The voice analyses the character and testimony of the woman to the surprise of the believers. In brief, the story is about the Pentecostal Church that elaborates that punishments and disasters happen to people because of their sins and mistakes. For example, the people living with HIV/AIDs or rape victims are supposed to have sinned and therefore their difficulties are caused by their sins.Subsequently, the preacher then handles a snake and uses it as an example to elaborate the power of God over Satan or devil. When I look up about what does the snake represent in the Holy Bible I found that it represents the devil. So, in the event of the snake that would bite a person handling it would be used as an example to show the strength of Satan. I was surprised with that kind of comparison because it is obvious that God rule or control supreme and nothing or nobody can be compared to God.When I did my research, I realizedthat the church supposed to represent a place of holiness, righteousness and goodness. Hence, using this actions and stories such as the snake handling to show the power of God is inaccurate and misleading.

European History Essay Example for Free

European History Essay The way the eastern civilization would live is how people dream of living today. The eastern peoples put others above themselves. The way the western civilization used to live is how we live today: caring about ourselves for the most part. Even though the eastern side of living is how most people wanted to live, there are some positive characteristics of the western side that are worth incorporating. A common problem today is that we don’t think. A trait of eastern culture is the being contemplative. There are countless problems that could be avoided if thought would have gone into the situation. Life is a strategy that is filled with decisions. It is inevitable that mistakes will be made, but there will be less if you think before you act. In life there are always consequences for your actions. What most people don’t realize is that there can be positive consequences. This is something that the western civilization honored; the rewards or the positive consequences of the life they lived. Having the good things in your life isn’t as rewarding as working for the grand prize. Towards the end of your life, what will you have that reflects what you work for? In the eastern civilization, working with less is held high in standards. As the years go by, people always want more and more but is it really necessary? For example, heated seats and electronic windows are nice in our vehicles but we don’t actually need them. The eastern peoples learned to work with what they were given, even if it was less than what they wanted. Technology is taking over the world. With this new interference with human life, the beautiful art of work will soon be forgotten. There are amazing things that humans can do as long as they work for it. The western civilization figured this out and put activity high on the list of standards. Life is short and there may be things that we miss if we don’t work to see what it has in store for us. Both the eastern and western civilization contain characteristics that would benefit the human race. A mixture of the two would be a perfect way to live. Placing others higher in value than yourself is a trait that isn’t common in the world today. Even though, putting others first is something great, you need to think about yourself too. You only have one life and one chance to make it the best. Do what makes you happy and you will see that others will come with you.

The Effect of Sleep on Memory

The Effect of Sleep on Memory Human tend to forget things. Hermann Ebbinghaus is one of the psychologist to study the topic of forgetting. Forget is a gift to the human because if human remember every single event and phenomena that occurs in the daily life, they will suffer a lot. They will remember the feeling of pain and sadness of losing someone who is important to them forever. Forgetting does not mean that the information stored in the long term memory is being deleted or removed. Instead, forgetting means a failure in memory retrieval (Cherry, 2014). This can be seen commonly among the students when they are sitting the examination. Tip-of-the-tongue explains this situation well. Tip-of-the-tongue is a feeling that a person knows something, but the person cannot retrieve it (Margaret Matlin, 2005). Memories are stored in a brain region called hippocampus (Miller, 2010). Lack of sleep will affect the proper function of hippocampus. (Contie Wein, 2013). Memories are formed when the nerve cells in the brain are reinforced. Memory also includes the three stages which are encoding, storage and retrieval. The encoding stage is the process of convert the information received into a usable form. After the information is being encoded, the information will be stored in the brain for future use. However, the stored memory stays outside the conscious awareness. When a person wants to use the information and try to retrieve it from the stored memory, this process will occur under conscious awareness (Cherry, 2014). There are different stages of sleep which include rapid eye movement sleep (REM) sleep, non-rapid eye movement sleep (nREM) which consists of stage one sleep, stage two sleep, stage three sleep and stage four sleep. When a person sleeps, they will start off with nREM sleep follow by REM sleep. Hence, during the sleep process, the body will encounter a cycle of REM sleep and nREM sleep (WebMD, 2014). During nREM sleep, the body will utilize this time to reproduce and rebuild tissues, bones and muscles. Besides that, immune system in the body is also enhanced during this time. Stage one and two in nREM sleep are also called as light sleep while stage three and four are also called as deep sleep (WebMD, 2014). Dreams occur during the REM sleep. This is due to the high activities that occur during the REM sleep and the brain wave patterns observed during REM sleep is similar to the brain wave patterns observed during wakefulness. REM sleep is described as rapid eye movement sleep because during this stage of sleep, human’s eyes move rapidly to different directions. REM sleep is described as a stage of sleep that composed of the combination of brain excitement and muscle immobility. However, REM sleep only accounts for a short period of time in the sleeping process which accounts for twenty percent in sleeping among adults and fifty percent among infants (WebMD, 2014). Sleep plays an essential role in memory, both before and after learning a new task. Besides that, sleep also affects a person’s mood, emotion, motivation and judgment. Sufficient of sleeping hours can help a person to focus attention and thus receive information in a more efficient way. After people sleep, the sleeping process helps to reinforce what people learn during the day. (Harvard Medical School, 2007). This is because study shows that when a person is using the right brain to do task during his or her wakefulness, the slow waves at right brain become larger show that the right brain are exhausted by the task being performed. Interestingly, the brain also will shut down parts of its neurons. This phenomenon is known as local sleep. Besides that, sleep also helps one to link the new memories with the old ones. When people sleep, the brain will review the memories and decide which memory needs to be strengthened. If people do not sleep, their ability to learn new things will drop by up to forty percent ( Contie Wein, 2013). However, different stages of sleep help in different type of memories. Rapid eye movement sleep (REM) plays a critical role in emotional memory (Contie, 2013). Research also shows that after REM sleep, a person can recognize the emotional picture better compared to the neutral ones. Hence, REM sleep helps in reinforcing the emotional content in the memory ( Born, Diekelmann, Groch Willhelm, 2013). Hence, when one spends more time in REM sleep, one can overcome the painful memories in their life. This is because during the REM sleep, the stress chemistry will be suppressed such as the norepinephrine. Then, the brain will process the emotional memories and remove the difficult and painful memories. Experiment shows that when the participants having a full night of sleep after view emotional images, the magnetic resonance image (MRI) shows that there is a great reduction of reactivity in amygdala. Amygdala is a region in the brain that involves in anger and fear. Hence, this allows the forebrain to have a control in a person’s emotions (Walker, 2011 as cited in Anwar, 2011). Furthermore, a physician at a United States Department of Veteran Affairs hospital in the Seattle also discover that by prescribing drugs that can decrease the blood pressure of patients can help in preventing the occurrence of nightmares in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder patients. This is because drugs that can decrease the blood pressure of patients will suppress the level of neurotransmitter norepinephrine in the brain. Therefore, by possessing sufficient amount of REM sleep, PTSD patients can decrease the occurrence of nightmares during the night and have a greater quality of sleep because there is a decrease level of neurotransmitter norepinephrine (Anwar, 2011). Furthermore, research also shows that sleep deprivation can cause psychiatric disorder such as depression and anxiety disorders. Experiments that are carried in this research also show that when normal people are deprived of sleep, the brain wave patterns will look like the pathological psychiatric patterns. Functional magnetic resonance image ( fMRI ) also shows that  participants who do not experience a night of sleep are having a greater reactivity compared to those participants who experience a night of sleep. Hence, this also means that amygdala is active when a person is lack of sleep. This will cause those participants who are lack of sleep to show higher emotion intensity (Walker, 2007 as cited in Anwar, 2007). This is because high activity in amygdala is observed when a person is lack of sleep. This will cause the amygdala to lose connection with the front brain. The connection plays an important role because the front brain is responsible for rational reasoning and releases neurochemicals that can calm down a person when a person is in a nervous state. Instead, when a person is lack of sleep, amygdala will connect to the brain region of local coeruleus instead, which will cause the release of noradrenaline (Walker, 2007 as cited in Anwar, 2007). Furthermore, there is also experiment that has been carried out to see the effect of variables: sleep and memory on mental disorder. Result shows that major depression patients who have divorced experience deteriorated depression when they do not dream about their ex-spouse. Since lack of sleep has a bad effect on mental disorder, intervention such as promotion of good sleep can treat mental disorder such as depression, anxiety disorder and PTSD. This is because sleep helps in consolidating the memory. Therefore, therapist can utilize this finding in the psychotherapy. Therapist can promote and encourage patients to sleep after receive treatment or psychotherapy. This is because during the sleeping process, patients can reinforce and integrate the therapy content. Thus, this can help the patients to rebuild healthy thoughts in themselves. Besides that, slow wave sleep also plays an important role in reinforcing the episodic memory that is stored in the hippocampus and transform them into long term memories ( Born Inostroza, 2013). Episodic memory is a long term memory about specific events, situations and experiences (Cherry, 2014). Furthermore, when people are getting sufficient of sleep, it also helps in the strengthening of motor memory. Different brain scans magnetoencephalography (MEG) and polysomnography (PSG) are being used in the research to trace the brain activity in the brain. Changes in fast sigma and delta brain waves are observed in the motor area of the brain explain the improvement in motor skills after a period of sleep. Participants who have slept after learning a motor task have a higher accuracy in performing the motor tasks. Motor learning can be strengthened during the sleeping process because more brain energy is available ( Tamaki, 2013 as cited in Grohol Wood, 2013). Moreover, sleep also helps in converting short term memory into long term memory. Experiment is carried out by using genetically modified fruit flies. In the experiment, scientists modify some male fruit flies to smell like female fruit flies. After that, scientists expose the male fruit flies to the â€Å" fake† female fruit flies. After a few times of unsuccessful tryout to approach the ‘fake’ female fruit flies, male fruit flies know the fact that those ‘fake’ female fruit flies are not female fruit flies. After that, the experimenter makes some fruit flies to sleep. Results show that after the fruit flies sleep, they able to retain the information about the ‘fake’ fruit flies for several days compared to those fruit flies have not slept. Fruit flies have not slept only can retain the information for a few hours (Breus, 2011). Besides that, research also shows that REM sleep plays a role in enhancing creativity. The ability to think creatively relies on the process of schema disintegration. Schema disintegration is the highest level of memory change which involves the process of disintegration of existing schemas. This will allow ‘outside the box’ thinking. Experiment finds out that participants who have experience REM sleep can find words to produce meanings in three unrelated words such as dream, day and light. From the experiment as described above, scientists also find out that the process of information learning leads to the formation of synapses in the brain. Synapses communicate the information that has learned inside the brain. However, study also shows that during the sleeping process, the connection of nerve cells in our brain actually weakens. This phenomenon is known as the synaptic homeostasis (Cirelli Tononi, 2012). This is actually a shocking fact because all of the mean time people tend to think that during the sleeping process, the nerve cells in the brain are strengthened to reinforce the memory and the things that people have learned during the daytime. This is because formation and strengthening of synapses in the brain consumes energy. If synapses are being reinforced during the day and night time, the brain will run out of energy eventually. Inside the brain, spontaneous firing of neurons which means that unimportant connection of neurons will be weakened or removed to allow the connection between important memory remain intact. In other words, this means that the brain has the ability to differentiate between irrelevant information and significant information. Then, the brain will weaken the synapses that link irrelevant information and preserve the synapses that link significant information. By doing this way, the brain can save more energy and preserve it for the next section of learning after one awakes. This phenomenon also explains the reason that all the organisms need sleep.

Hore-Belisha :: essays research papers

As you look back and learn about the times surrounding World War II, you don’t come across the name Hore-Belisha, well at least I have not. Who was this man? What was his role, if he had one at all? My article digs into the presence of Hore-Belisha. I will hopefully be able to give you a good understanding of who this man was and what he did.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  His name was Isaac Leslie Hore-Belisha (1893-1957). Isaac was the son of a Sephardic Jew and became a major in the Royal Army Service Crops during World War I. As a college student, he was educated at Clifton and St. John’s College. He also became first post war president of the Union. Hore-Belisha, furthermore, worked as a journalist for Beaverbrook until winning Devonport for the Liberals in 1923. Isaac then went on to dividing the Liberal Party by organizing a new National Liberal Party to support The Ramsay Macdonald-Baldwin National Government. Hore-Belisha soon became a big name in the government as he became Financial Secretary to the Treasury. That position impressed Chamberlain, which would prove good later. Isaac then became Minister of Transport (1934-1937), in which he reduced road accidents by simply introducing a driving test, a Highway code, and pedestrian crossing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Isaac was a great governmental figure. Looking back at all his accomplishment, Hore-Belisha has done a lot for his English country. Therefore in May of 1937, Chamberlain chose Isaac for War Office. Chamberlain choice was quite unusual because of the fact that Hore-Belisha was Jewish, but Chamberlain had good reason. Chamberlain looked for a man to be Secretary of State that would stick to Chamberlain’s policy of limited liability. This policy would cause England to have no involvement in Europe. England wanted to stay a neutral country and this was its plan. In addition to staying a neutral country, limited liability would also reduce the cost of the Army to benefit the Navy, the RAF, and the taxpayer. So Chamberlain promoted Duff Cooper, present war minister, to the Admiralty and replaced he with Hore-Belisha. Now being young Jewish man in the cabinet, Hore-Belisha depended on Chamberlain’s support.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Trying to prove he was more then Chamberlain’s little toy monkey, Isaac started to make some improvement in the military. Isaac improved recruitment by inaugurating reforms known as the radicalization of the Army. He then went on to make army life more attractive.

Pool Boy :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  *::* Book Report *::*   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pool Boy was a well written story about a 15 year old boy, Brett Gerson, whose life is changed dramatically. Brett is the main character in this novel. The book Pool Boy is set in a rich part of present day California.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Let it be known that the Gerson’s are EXTREMELY rich, not just fairly rich ,extremely rich. One day Brett’s father was taken away and thrown in jail for insider trading. The Gerson family had to sell almost everything that they own to try and pay back the money to the government that they owed. They were forced to move out of their luxurious home to their great aunt Mary’s house on the â€Å"other side of the tracks†, which was the poorer side. The house isn’t much, it is filled with dust and dirt balls and the beds aren’t comfortable, but it is somewhere they can live.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The struggle begins. Brett is forced to get a job to help pay for the debt, start saving for college and just for spending money. The first job Brett gets is at a fast food restaurant. This is the kind of place that he would have never gone and ate at let alone work. He is always yelling at the boss and then the boss yelling back. This job does not work out with Brett very well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After quitting his job flipping burgers, he takes a job with Alfie Moore, the old man that used to clean the pool at his old house. Brett never thought cleaning pools would be this tiring. Worst of all, after a hot summer day of work, Alfie and Brett can’t even take a quick swim in the pool that they just cleaned. At lunch time every day, Alfie would have a new recipe something like â€Å"tabbouleh†. He would make Brett try it whether or not he wanted to or didn’t want to. The men became close Brett could talk about his problems mostly with his dad and Alfie wouldn’t judge him, maybe a side comment here or there but not much. Often Alfie would talk about how he left his wife and child and he wishes his daughter would have given him a second chance when she was younger to make up for what he did. While cleaning pools everyday, the men became very close. One morning when Brett went over to Alfie’s house early one morning, as he did everyday, he found Alfie lying on the ground, the door was locked, Brett threw a rock threw the window to brake the glass to get in.

Imperfect Reality, Unattainable Dream Essay

A dream creates ideal circumstances which are not ideal in reality. Reality instigates the destruction of the ideal and therefore encourages one to fantasize about that which is unattainable in actuality. In one’s imperfect reality, a dream is unattainable; thus, one may often compromise or modify his dream in order for it to match or perhaps justify the practical. This imperfect reality generates an unattainable dream. Jay Gatsby’s disillusionment in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby permits Gatsby to imagine that which will never exist. When his reality and fantasy collide in such a way, his fantasy perishes, and additional conflicted dreams and imperfect reality ensue. Gatsby’s passion is an exercise in futility because reality prohibits the execution of such a dream. Gatsby’s passionate illusion develops based on wishes which cannot be met in his reality. Human wonder allows him to envision his fantastic image; however, he finds that it is â€Å"pervaded with a melancholy beauty† because the potential of his beautiful dream deteriorates in his harsh material world (Fitzgerald 152).Gatsby fails to realize that Daisy is the type of woman who cannot â€Å"be over- dreamed† for she lives her life in a concrete world with which Gatsby is unfamiliar (Fitzgerald 96). Gatsby’s failure to recognize that Daisy flourishes in the material world leads him to believe that she loves him, and that she â€Å"never loved† her husband (Fitzgerald 103). Gatsby’s reality does not match his fantasy, though, for he loses â€Å"the freshest and the best† his reality offers when Daisy refuses to marry him (Fitzgerald 153). His reality and his dream become unaligned after Daisy’s refusal; he begins to reconstruct and embellish his vision and consequently, he exhausts and eradicates his reality. Gatsby’s i ntention to marry and love Daisy is honorable until he exhausts the tangible. He begins to revere his dream and, as a result, he fails to recognize that his illusion is unfeasible in actuality. He continues to de-humanize Daisy until he no longer loves her, but rather his illusion of her. Daisy’s flaws are human, but Gatsby eliminates such flaws in his dream; therefore he sets a standard which Daisy never achieves. Gatsby ultimately pays â€Å"a high price for living too long with a single dream† and never regains a sense of the â€Å"old warm world† where everything is definite and concrete; he continues to try to create what is â€Å"no longer tangible† (Fitzgerald 161.161.134). His attempts are in vain because his reality never matches his fantasy; his dreams are passionate but Gatsby’s realization that his idealized vision is neither practical nor palpable both metaphorically and physically deteriorates him. When the â€Å"colossal significance† of his illusion vanishes, â€Å"only the dead dream† keeps him alive (Fitzgerald 93.134). The destruction of Gatsby’s dream parallels the destruction of innocence. The eradication of his sole hope and desire forces Gatsby into a world foreign to him: reality. The concrete world slowly deteriorates Gatsby’s mind until the â€Å"holocaust† is complete (Fitzgerald 162). Gatsby’s physical death is not as â€Å"invariably saddening† as the metaphorical death of his dream, for upon the destruction of his dream, he has nothing for which to live The standards set in Gatsby’s dream never match his reality, thus his continued attempts to achieve such standards are in vain. Unfortunately, his disillusionment allows a cyclical pattern to develop in which his imperfect reality constantly fuels his dream. Without the recognition that his dream will never match his reality, Gatsby remains an unsatisfied man. His dissatisfaction consequently corrupts his dream and instigates the cycle of discontent with which he lives until his unfortunate death.